The Constitutional Framework for Environmental Protection in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Addressing Climate Change under Vision 2030: Efforts and Challenges

Abstract

The environment is the orbit that surrounds us from all sides, making it one of the most important sectors requiring scientific research—not only in environmental sciences and geology, but also in the legal field. The matter has become of utmost importance in the legal field, necessitating research and the development of legislation and legal rules that are compatible with contemporary environmental needs. This research sheds light on the constitutional and legal framework for environmental protection in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and analyses the country’s commitment to environmental regulations. It also examines how this commitment is implemented through regional and international efforts and roles, especially in the context of the UN goals and the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, which emphasises strong institutions to ensure regulatory compliance, promote a sustainable environment, and combat climate change all through systematic efforts to uphold the state’s commitment to environmental preservation. The research reviews the Saudi experience, which has significantly developed in the environmental field. It further discusses the most prominent challenges and obstacles facing environmental progress in the Kingdom, as well as the laws and legal regulations that address these challenges. The study concludes with several results that describe the regulatory status of the environmental sector in the Kingdom and presents several proposals to strengthen the current situation and avoid any challenges.