"International Responsibility Arising from the United States' Recognition of Unified Jerusalem as Israel's Capital and the Relocation of Its Embassy"

Abstract

This research examines the United States’ recognition of unified Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and the relocation of its embassy in light of international responsibility law. It highlights the legal status of Jerusalem under international law, from UN resolutions regarding the city to Israel’s 1980 declaration of Jerusalem as its capital and the U.S. embassy transfer decision. The study evaluates the applicability of international responsibility principles to this action, particularly in relation to violations of international humanitarian law, the Geneva and Hague Conventions, and international legitimacy resolutions. It further analyzes the positions of Palestine, the U.S., and Israel on the matter, focusing on legal avenues for holding both the U.S. and Israel accountable, including proceedings at the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. The research concludes that the U.S. embassy transfer constitutes a clear breach of international law, necessitating legal and political measures to counteract its effects.